Lepidigi
Butterflies of Europe and the Tropics
LIBERIA, January 2014
LIBERIA, January 2014, a trip arranged by Mike Williams and Safi to find the Giant African Swallowtail in the Nimba Hills ahead of a major mining project to be undertaken by Arcelor Mittal
![Papilio antimachus](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_1286393f8c71421788b7a293a79a3dc5~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_836,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_1286393f8c71421788b7a293a79a3dc5~mv2.jpg)
Giant African Swallowtail, male. This sighting occurred on our very last morning, 29 January, at the old recreation ground above Yekepa, the butterfly caught at the moment it took flight from the top of a bush some 5 metres high.
![Papilio antimachus](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_96b91711c74544559a0538ec3b237807~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_777,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_96b91711c74544559a0538ec3b237807~mv2.jpg)
Giant African Swallowtail, the same male as in the previous photo. Given the almost total absence of biological data on this species, Arcelor Mittal are funding a research project involving the attachment of a small radio transmitter to the thorax of several males to track their movements
![Papilio phorcas](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_a189bf42b02f45f091caa4da489792f8.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_774,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_a189bf42b02f45f091caa4da489792f8.jpg)
Several papilio species were found taking mineral salts on 26 January where a small stream crossed the path in the East Nimba Protected Area at a spot known as Cold Water
![Papilio horribilis](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_a62606ae946d430680e4be8e312f34a6.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_728,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_a62606ae946d430680e4be8e312f34a6.jpg)
Another of the swallowtails imbibing salts at Cold Water, 26 January
![Papilio horribilis](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_8cd05c08ec9b40879b6915121dc35869.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_729,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_8cd05c08ec9b40879b6915121dc35869.jpg)
photo at Cold Water on 26 January
![Papilio demodocus](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_ad486f67b67a450da0acda31e3c6a936.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_715,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_ad486f67b67a450da0acda31e3c6a936.jpg)
The common, but beautiful, Citrus Swallowtail resting low down on the old mining road leading from Yekepa into the hills on 27 January
![Papilio demodocus](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_aafafadb31704aff811cf78df70db031.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_766,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_aafafadb31704aff811cf78df70db031.jpg)
Possibly the same insect as in the previous photo, taken at the same locality 3 days earlier, 24 January
![Papilio demodocus](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_3d6ced51d33f4b4eac7c5773f227be9a.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_755,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_3d6ced51d33f4b4eac7c5773f227be9a.jpg)
Photographed on the same stretch of old road on 29 January
![Papilio zenobia](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_eaf2f5641aee446d84294025697f304d.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_824,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_eaf2f5641aee446d84294025697f304d.jpg)
Another one of the Cold Water group, 26 January
![Graphium tynderaeus](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_6f2eadb037e54330bbbe3f8e4e9f5ea7.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_819,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_6f2eadb037e54330bbbe3f8e4e9f5ea7.jpg)
Also at Cold Water, another stunning insect, 26 January
![Graphium latreillianus](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_9c6e648afc1c47a9bfc7a6f639f2ab03.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_813,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_9c6e648afc1c47a9bfc7a6f639f2ab03.jpg)
This was at Cold Water also - makes you wonder what the attraction was!
![Graphium leonidas](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_e2169724978c402b9463e2dceb5281c1.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_737,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_e2169724978c402b9463e2dceb5281c1.jpg)
Another member of the Cold Water assembly, 26 January
![Graphium policenes](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_097c37c3de4e4b11b8869b34e6961a1d.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_1008,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_097c37c3de4e4b11b8869b34e6961a1d.jpg)
Possibly newly-emerged, found at the edge of the old mining road on 29 January
![Eurema brigitta](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_fd9c589893924341882264f272ed2d78.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_744,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_fd9c589893924341882264f272ed2d78.jpg)
Widely distributed, this one being photographed on the old mining road up from Yekepa on 27 January
![Nepheronia argia](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_e567337e09eb490e88cc22b06fc26da3.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_798,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_e567337e09eb490e88cc22b06fc26da3.jpg)
Seen seeking shade at the track side in the East Nimba Protected Area during the early afternoon of 26 January
![Nepheronia thalassina](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_db0b0aef773442228b13ed8ffad11f33.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_830,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_db0b0aef773442228b13ed8ffad11f33.jpg)
This beautiful pale blue butterfly catches the eye when in flight and here it is seen resting in the East Nimba Protected Area in the early afternoon of 26 January
![Belenois calypso](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_a503fdb7cd4543a9a2fde042528a5435.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_743,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_a503fdb7cd4543a9a2fde042528a5435.jpg)
Photo taken on 25 January in the Community Forest to the north-east of Yekepa
![Belenois hedyle](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_af3395f68003403b9364c43de96ec6e1.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_759,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_af3395f68003403b9364c43de96ec6e1.jpg)
Basking in the East NImba Protected Area, near Cold Water, on 26 January
![Appias sylvia](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_77e85263ee0c4f049135dce3b4b8bc13.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_780,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_77e85263ee0c4f049135dce3b4b8bc13.jpg)
A mid-morning shot on the old mining road on 27 January
![Leptosia sp](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_8113b191217b4fadab448ea604bc7cc2.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_735,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_8113b191217b4fadab448ea604bc7cc2.jpg)
Not sure about the identification of this specimen taken at the Chimpanzee Sanctuary in the East Nimba Protected Area on 26 January
![Mylothris chloris](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_21434798cd8f4704b1313740275b29a1.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_770,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_21434798cd8f4704b1313740275b29a1.jpg)
Resting beside the old mining road on 27 January
![Mylothris poppea](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_56caa00e25e24f00a05f7c075c89acd9.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_762,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_56caa00e25e24f00a05f7c075c89acd9.jpg)
Photographed on the old mining road out from Yekepa on 28 January
![Mylothris spica](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_5f9075a0b5f94592877cb7b5c2214c2a.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_835,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_5f9075a0b5f94592877cb7b5c2214c2a.jpg)
Seen on the way up to the recreation ground off the old mining road on 28 January
![Mimacraea darwinia](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_40a1f66b1ebc4b8ea915473b87c095d8.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_813,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_40a1f66b1ebc4b8ea915473b87c095d8.jpg)
Seen in the Community Forest to the north-east of Yekepa on 25th January, this small butterfly appears to mimic a member of the toxic acraea family, an example of Batesian mimicry
![Mimacraea darwinia](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_3716f5fd6aff4d219efce14ecefd659f.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_835,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_3716f5fd6aff4d219efce14ecefd659f.jpg)
The same insect as in the previous photo
![Falcuna leonensis](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_d73cd73bdfe64c70bf3d762fbc4e834c.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_1124,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_d73cd73bdfe64c70bf3d762fbc4e834c.jpg)
These small butterflies habitually perch on slender twigs and are quite easy to spot, this one being on the old mining road on 29th January
![Larinopoda eurema](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_d0c8d50a12e24a83a462e3f5a3b464e6.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_1018,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_d0c8d50a12e24a83a462e3f5a3b464e6.jpg)
Seen in the Community Forest, north-east of Yekepa on 25th January
![to be identified - no obvious match!](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_44edfafbbd3547eeaba0f47505d725e4.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_850,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_44edfafbbd3547eeaba0f47505d725e4.jpg)
Photo taken around 10am near the Chimpanzee Sanctuary on 26th January
![Epitola posthumus](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_49fc1e9c74ee471e90ceeedc0206a0c7.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_747,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_49fc1e9c74ee471e90ceeedc0206a0c7.jpg)
It's a real pity I couldn't get an upperside view of this mid-sized, wonderful, dazzling blue butterfly whose larvae are tended by ants high up in the trees. This photo was taken on 24th January on the old mining road
![Aethiopana honorius](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_9df06ceb0ca147ef82237418f32b39e7.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_686,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_9df06ceb0ca147ef82237418f32b39e7.jpg)
Another potential acraea Batesian mimic, and another fantastic blue upperside! Photo taken in the Community Forest on 25 January
![Spindasis iza](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_d1122a91e2684717a93603dd34a1ca1e.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_746,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_d1122a91e2684717a93603dd34a1ca1e.jpg)
Photo taken on 25 January in the Community Forest
![Axiocerces harpax](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_dc49e832b1ce4848a895dcbbe31e0a9e.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_686,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_dc49e832b1ce4848a895dcbbe31e0a9e.jpg)
Spotted at the edge of the old mining road out of Yekepa on 24 January
![Iolaus agnes (or closely similar)](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_157652b9fc714c17bca8ff1da6bf1ed7.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_797,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_157652b9fc714c17bca8ff1da6bf1ed7.jpg)
This genus consists of around 46 West African species characterised by whitish undersides and two-tone blue uppersides. This particular specimen was seen on 27 January on the old mining road
![Hypolycaena dubia](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_f29257c06e8c45c89795f4502576408e.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_771,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_f29257c06e8c45c89795f4502576408e.jpg)
male seen on 25 January in the Community Forest
![Hypolycaena antifaunus](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_b85ed80b69cd4db1b5aa3fd342c445f0.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_951,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_b85ed80b69cd4db1b5aa3fd342c445f0.jpg)
female, old mining road, 27 January
![Hypolycaena antifaunus](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_b82e414ab3d04c65bece1f616bb35db3.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_831,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_b82e414ab3d04c65bece1f616bb35db3.jpg)
seen in the Community Forest on 25 January
![Deudorix antalus](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_8529d74cf607494fbbc274d9fedfd082.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_790,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_8529d74cf607494fbbc274d9fedfd082.jpg)
Photo taken on 24 January on the old mining road
![Deudorix lorisona](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_0fcf4a5b043844ddb24decdeac890d65.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_853,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_0fcf4a5b043844ddb24decdeac890d65.jpg)
Located beyond the third set of radio masts up the old mining road on 29 January
![Anthene sylvanus](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_d56a806e97c0406481d69584e8ddfe71.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_811,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_d56a806e97c0406481d69584e8ddfe71.jpg)
At the Cold Water site in the East Nimba Protected Area on 26 January
![Anthene larydas](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_0d9d38205a7d48298ce364a8c0a5f3df.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_818,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_0d9d38205a7d48298ce364a8c0a5f3df.jpg)
Down by the river in the Kpatawee Wetland Ramsar site on 30 January (a somewhat ironic title as the wetlands are now rice paddies)
![Anthene lachares](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_27e6943e31a34f6a8131ef1aa26e4d16.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_788,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_27e6943e31a34f6a8131ef1aa26e4d16.jpg)
Seen in the Community Forest on 25 January
![Anthene juba](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_e86b20e3b8c44aa68dd8129634d07649.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_800,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_e86b20e3b8c44aa68dd8129634d07649.jpg)
Imbibing salts near Cold Water on 26 January
![Anthene juba](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_d60c5905926c4b1a81488d5ae67012b5.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_818,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_d60c5905926c4b1a81488d5ae67012b5.jpg)
Also at Cold Water on 26 January
![Neurellipes lusones](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_a6e9fee22cff4a1d82fb814b0933f358.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_734,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_a6e9fee22cff4a1d82fb814b0933f358.jpg)
a mid-morning shot in the Community Forest on 25 January
![Neurellipes lusones](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_fdca3da1c792495cbb3dcbfcc4540311.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_761,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_fdca3da1c792495cbb3dcbfcc4540311.jpg)
The same insect as in the previous photo
![Triclema lucretilis](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_816659829bae4088a3c8131f99860400.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_773,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_816659829bae4088a3c8131f99860400.jpg)
A highly mobile small butterfly, difficult to follow in flight, here seen on the old mining road on 28 January (yes, we spent a lot of time walking up and down this track in between visiting its 3 sets of radio masts in search of the Giant African Swallowtail!)
![Triclema lucretilis](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_a19b3ef1cf134be4bd16e3977c476b8c.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_807,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_a19b3ef1cf134be4bd16e3977c476b8c.jpg)
Underside of the same insect
![Pseudonacaduba sichela](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_dbd75e22d29247b38e4960c86884b001.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_779,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_dbd75e22d29247b38e4960c86884b001.jpg)
Another species down by the river in the Kpatawee Wetlands on 30 January
![Uranothauma falkensteini](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_91b91a49377847aa9bfb3f4ffd80bf40.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_842,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_91b91a49377847aa9bfb3f4ffd80bf40.jpg)
Seen on the track near Cold Water on 26 January
![Cacyreus/uranothauma belcastroi](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a74cf6_f32885db6b5641ee8d73c72bf3ccef05.jpg/v1/fill/w_980,h_1274,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/a74cf6_f32885db6b5641ee8d73c72bf3ccef05.jpg)
A lovely insect, seen here on 24 January on the old mining road